Weed composition and maize yield in a former tin-mining area: A case study in Malim Nawar, Malaysia

Abstract Weed species composition has been assessed for major crops such as rice, rubber, and oil palm but not cash in Malaysia. In this study, we determine the associations between maize yields weed species, density, mean temperature, rainfall. Annual field surveys of weeds were conducted (Zea mays L.) a former tin-mining land Malim Nawar, Perak, Malaysia, during June 2017, 2018, 2020 to effects on yields. The involved 120 quadrats (0.5 m × 0.5 m) with 40 replicates. Fifteen observed, representing 14 genera 9 families consisted broadleaves, 3 grasses, 1 sedge. Phytosociological characteristics, namely, frequency, relative abundance, used analyze at study site. highest density abundance Cyperus sp., followed by Amaranthus viridis , Eleusine indica Hedyotis corymbosa Phyllanthus amarus. These five accounted 65% total abundance. Individual broadleaf, sedge, grass types compared paired years using two-proportion z -test. variation number individuals each group was significant 2017 2018 2020, 2020. relationship yield rainfall, analyzed general linear model, none which affected results provide foundation practical management fields thereby contributing sustainable agriculture food security.